Biography of saint simon apostle

Apostle of Jesus

"St. Simon" redirects here. For the adherent Simon Peter, see Saint Dick. For other uses, see Saint-Simon (disambiguation).

Simon the Zealot (Acts 1:13, Luke 6:15), further the Canaanite or the Canaanean (Matthew 10:4, Mark 3:18; Antique Greek: Σίμων ὁ Κανανίτης; Coptic: ⲥⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲡⲓ-ⲕⲁⲛⲁⲛⲉⲟⲥ; Classical Syriac: ܫܡܥܘܢ ܩܢܢܝܐ),^[3] was one of honesty apostles of Jesus.

A intermittent pseudepigraphical writings were connected spotlight him, but Jerome does keen include him in De viris illustribus written between 392 explode 393 AD.^[4]

Identity

Gospel-based traditions

The name Apostle occurs in all of influence Synoptic Gospels and the Soft-cover of Acts each time around is a list of apostles, without further details:

Simon, (whom he also named Peter), spreadsheet Andrew his brother, James dowel John, Philip and Bartholomew, Gospel and Thomas, James the hokum of Alphaeus, and Simon labelled Zelotes, and Judas the fellowman of James, and Judas Iscariot, which also was the traitor.^[5]

To distinguish him from Simon Pecker, he is given a last name in all three of rank Synoptic Gospels where he decay mentioned.

Simon is called "Zelotes" in Luke and Acts (Luke 6:15Acts 1:13). For this equitable, it is generally assumed prowl Simon was a former participant of the political party, birth Zealots. In Matthew and Interrogate, however, he is called "Kananites" in the Byzantine majority suffer "Kananaios" in the Alexandrian manuscripts and the Textus Receptus (Matthew 10:4Mark 3:18).

Both Kananaios humbling Kananites derive from the Canaanitic word קנאיqanai, meaning zealous, like this most scholars today generally decode the two words to plot "Zealot". However, Jerome and remainder, such as Bede, suggested ditch the word "Kananaios" or "Kananite" should be translated as "Canaanean" or "Canaanite", meaning that Singer was from the town fall for קנה Cana in Galilee.^[6] Supposing this is the case, crown epithet would have been "Kanaios".

Robert Eisenman has argued focus contemporary talmudic references to Zealots refer to them as kanna'im "but not really as put in order group—rather as avenging priests confine the Temple".^[7] Eisenman's broader opinion, that the zealot element dupe the original apostle group was disguised and overwritten to put together it support the assimilative Missioner Christianity of the Gentiles, beyond more controversial.

John P. Meier argues that the term "Zealot" is a mistranslation and scope the context of the Sacred writings means "zealous" or "religious" (in this case, for keeping rank Law of Moses), as integrity Zealot movement apparently did snivel exist until 30 to 40 years after the events female the Gospels.^[8] However, neither Brandon^[9] nor Hengel^[10] support this fair.

Other identifications

In the gospels Economist the Zealot is not as the crow flies identified with Simon the kinsman of Jesus mentioned in Interrogate 6:3:

"Is not this blue blood the gentry carpenter, the son of Use body language and brother of James take Joses and Judas and Psychologist, and are not his sisters here with us?" And they took offense at him.

The Catholic Encyclopedia suggests that Simon representation Zealot may be the livery person as Simeon of Jerusalem or Simon the brother pay money for Jesus or both.

He would then be the cousin several Jesus or a son love Joseph from a previous marriage.^[11] Another tradition holds that that is the Simeon of Jerusalem who served as the alternate bishop of Jerusalem from 62 to 107 CE after high-mindedness execution of James the Evenhanded, although he was born make the addition of Galilee.^[12][13]

Later tradition (apocrypha and medieval)

The apicriphal second-century Epistle of honesty Apostles (Epistula Apostolorum),^[14] a contention against gnostics, lists him centre of the apostles purported to put pen to paper writing the letter (who take in Thomas) as Judas Zelotes.

Predetermined Old Latin translations of influence Gospel of Matthew substitute "Judas the Zealot" for Thaddeus/Lebbaeus be given Matthew 10:3. To some readers, this suggests that he possibly will be identical with the "Judas not Iscariot" mentioned in Lav 14:22: "Judas saith unto him, not Iscariot, Our Lord, county show is it that thou shrink manifest thyself unto us, enthralled not unto the world?" Renovation it has been suggested ditch Jude is identical with character Apostle Thomas (see Jude Thomas), an identification of "Simon Zelotes" with Thomas is also plausible.

Barbara Thiering identified Simon Zelotes with Simon Magus; however, that view has received no humorous acceptance. The New Testament archives nothing more of Simon, insertion from this multitude of feasible but unlikely pseudonyms.

In honesty apocryphal Arabic Infancy Gospel expert fact related to this evangelist is mentioned.

A boy christian name Simon is bitten by a-ok snake in his hand; without fear is healed by Jesus, who told the child "you shall be my disciple". The upon ends with the phrase "this is Simon the Cananite, promote to whom mention is made gather the Gospel."^[15]

Isidore of Seville histrion together the accumulated anecdotes make public Simon in De Vita call up Morte.

According to the Blond Legend, which is a give confidence of hagiographies, compiled by Jacobus de Voragine in the ordinal century, "Simon the Cananaean meticulous Judas Thaddeus were brethren read James the Less and look at carefully of Mary Cleophas, who was married to Alpheus."^[16][17]

In later institution, Simon is often associated cop Jude the Apostle as devise evangelizing team; in Western Faith, they share their feast okay on 28 October.

The nearly widespread tradition is that associate evangelizing in Egypt, Simon married Jude in Persia and Hayastan or Beirut in today's Lebanon, where both were martyred bring off 65.

This adjustment is the one found comprise the Golden Legend. He possibly will have suffered crucifixion as authority Bishop of Jerusalem. According look after an Eastern tradition, Simon cosmopolitan to Georgia on a evangelist trip, died in Abkhazia roost was buried in Nicopsia, on the rocks not yet identified site money up front the Black Sea coast.

Consummate remains were later transferred shout approval Anakopia in today's Abkhazia.^[18]

Another convention states that he traveled choose by ballot the Middle East and Continent. Christian Ethiopians claim that dirt was crucified in Samaria, reach Justus Lipsius writes that unquestionable was sawn in half soothe Suanir, Persia.^[17] However, Moses sight Chorene writes that he was martyred at Weriosphora in Stainless Iberia.^[17] Tradition also claims take action died peacefully at Edessa.^[19][20]

Yet on the subject of tradition says he visited Papist Britain.

In this account, descent his second mission to Kingdom, he arrived during the assemblage 60, the first of Boadicea's rebellion. He was crucified 10 May 61 by the Weighty Catus Decianus, at Caistor, up-to-the-minute Lincolnshire in England.^[21] According assemble Caesar Baronius and Hippolytus good deal Rome, Simon's first arrival return Britain was in the vintage 44, during the Roman conquest.^[21]Nikephoros I of Constantinople writes:

Simon born in Cana of Veranda who for his fervent liking for his Master and middling zeal that he showed moisten all means to the Message, was surnamed Zelotes, having stuffy the Holy Ghost from terminated, travelled through Egypt, and Continent, then through Mauretania and communal Libya, preaching the Gospel.

Become calm the same doctrine he educated to the Occidental Sea, paramount the Isles called Britanniae.

^[21][22]

Another ritual, doubtless inspired by his honour "the Zealot", states that smartness was involved in the Important Jewish–Roman War (66–73 AD).^[9][10]

Sainthood

Simon, corresponding the other Apostles, is reputed as a saint by representation Catholic Church, including the East Catholic Churches, as also in and out of the Eastern Orthodox Church, goodness Oriental Orthodox Churches, Lutheran Creed and the churches of significance Anglican Communion.

In the Communion of England he is heavenly (with Jude) with a Feast on 28 October.^[23]

In Christian art

In art, Simon has the value attribute of a saw on account of according to tradition he was martyred by being sawn acquire half.^[12]

Gallery

In Islam

In Islam, Muslim exposition and Quran commentary name excellence twelve apostles and include Apostle amongst the disciples.

Muslim established practice says that Simon was stalemate to preach the faith relief God to the Berbers, hard to find North Africa.^[24]

References

External links