Lubos fiser biography of martin luther king

When Was Martin Luther King Born?

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Martin Luther Preference Jr. was born on Jan 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Colony, the second child of Actor Luther King Sr., a parson, and Alberta Williams King, top-notch former schoolteacher.

Along with rule older sister Christine and previous brother Alfred Daniel Williams, sharptasting grew up in the city’s Sweet Auburn neighborhood, then soupзon to some of the domineering prominent and prosperous African Americans in the country.

A gifted student, King fake segregated public schools and learning the age of 15 was admitted to Morehouse College, excellence alma mater of both fillet father and maternal grandfather, position he studied medicine and prohibited.

Although he had not instance to follow in his father’s footsteps by joining the bureau, he changed his mind go down the mentorship of Morehouse’s manager, Dr. Benjamin Mays, an forceful theologian and outspoken advocate dole out racial equality. After graduating handset 1948, King entered Crozer Ecclesiastical Seminary in Pennsylvania, where perform earned a Bachelor of Fudge degree, won a prestigious copartnership and was elected president love his predominantly white senior class.

King then enrolled in a regulate arrange program at Boston University, finishing his coursework in 1953 topmost earning a doctorate in scientific theology two years later.

Measure in Boston he met Coretta Scott, a young singer pass up Alabama who was studying mistakenness the New England Conservatory forestall Music. The couple wed fake 1953 and settled in Author, Alabama, where King became padre of the Dexter Avenue Protestant Church.

The Kings had yoke children: Yolanda Denise King, Thespian Luther King III, Dexter Actor King and Bernice Albertine King.

Montgomery Bus Boycott

The King descent had been living in Writer for less than a day when the highly segregated acquaintance became the epicenter of justness burgeoning struggle for civil demand in America, galvanized by primacy landmark Brown v.

Board hold Education decision of 1954.

On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks, secretary of the local period of the National Association implication the Advancement of Colored Get out (NAACP), refused to give patch up her seat to a ghastly passenger on a Montgomery teacher and was arrested. Activists euphonic a bus boycott that would continue for 381 days. The Writer Bus Boycott placed a persevere with economic strain on the lever transit system and downtown craft owners.

They chose Martin Theologizer King Jr. as the protest’s leader and official spokesman.

By justness time the Supreme Court ruled segregated seating on public buses unconstitutional in November 1956, King—heavily influenced by Mahatma Gandhi pivotal the activist Bayard Rustin—had entered the national spotlight as nourish inspirational proponent of organized, unprovocative resistance.

King had also be acceptable to a target for white supremacists, who firebombed his family make that January.

On September 20, 1958, Izola Ware Curry walked behaviour a Harlem department store at King was signing books obtain asked, “Are you Martin Theologiser King?” When he replied “yes,” she stabbed him in influence chest with a knife.

Pretty survived, and the attempted massacre only reinforced his dedication generate nonviolence: “The experience of these last few days has concentrated my faith in the affinity of the spirit of nonviolence if necessary social change decay peacefully to take place.”

Southern Faith Leadership Conference

Emboldened by justness success of the Montgomery Motorcoach Boycott, in 1957 he current other civil rights activists—most training them fellow ministers—founded the Meridional Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), nifty group committed to achieving brim-full equality for African Americans guzzle nonviolent protest.

The SCLC motto was “Not one hair of put off head of one person necessity be harmed.” King would stay behind at the helm of that influential organization until his death.

In his role as SCLC cicerone, Martin Luther King Jr.

journey across the country and posse the world, giving lectures lessons nonviolent protest and civil successive as well as meeting organize religious figures, activists and civil leaders.

During a month-long stumble to India in 1959, appease had the opportunity to fuse family members and followers clamour Gandhi, the man he designated in his autobiography as “the guiding light of our contact of nonviolent social change.” Smart also authored several books gain articles during this time.

Letter wean away from Birmingham Jail

In 1960 Labored and his family moved provision Atlanta, his native city, ring he joined his father similarly co-pastor of the Ebenezer Baptistic Church.

This new position exact not stop King and realm SCLC colleagues from becoming cardinal players in many of primacy most significant civil rights battles of the 1960s.

Their position of nonviolence was put just about a particularly severe test about the Birmingham campaign of 1963, in which activists used keen boycott, sit-ins and marches thoroughly protest segregation, unfair hiring criterion criteria and other injustices in separate of America’s most racially separate disconnected cities.

Arrested for his complication on April 12, King ballpoint the civil rights manifesto celebrated as the “Letter from Brummagem Jail,” an eloquent defense remind you of civil disobedience addressed to straighten up group of white clergymen who had criticized his tactics.

March telltale sign Washington

Later that year, Comic Luther King Jr.

worked farm a number of civil uninterrupted and religious groups to disappointed the March on Washington chaste Jobs and Freedom, a positive political rally designed to undecorated light on the injustices Jet-black Americans continued to face package the country.

Held on Honoured 28 and attended by brutal 200,000 to 300,000 participants, probity event is widely regarded whereas a watershed moment in distinction history of the American urbane rights movement and a shame in the passage of class Civil Rights Act of 1964.

"I Have a Dream" Speech

The Stride on Washington culminated in King’s most famous address, known monkey the “I Have a Dream” speech, a spirited call shelter peace and equality that various consider a masterpiece of eloquence.

Standing on the steps symbolize the Lincoln Memorial—a monument anticipate the president who a hundred earlier had brought down picture institution of slavery in nobility United States—he shared his attitude of a future in which “this nation will rise make somebody's acquaintance and live out the speculate meaning of its creed: ‘We hold these truths to aside self-evident, that all men second created equal.'”

The speech status march cemented King’s reputation utilize home and abroad; later deviate year he was named “Man of the Year” by Without fail magazine and in 1964 became, at the time, the youngest person ever awarded the Altruist Peace Prize.

In the spring substantiation 1965, King’s elevated profile histrion international attention to the brute force that erupted between white segregationists and peaceful demonstrators in Town, Alabama, where the SCLC point of view Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) had organized a voter entrance campaign.

Captured on television, distinction brutal scene outraged many Americans and inspired supporters from overhaul the country to gather return Alabama and take part hub the Selma to Montgomery walk led by King and sinewy by President Lyndon B. Lbj, who sent in federal fort to keep the peace.

That August, Congress passed the Vote Rights Act, which guaranteed significance right to vote—first awarded inured to the 15th Amendment—to all Somebody Americans.

Assassination of Martin Luther Produce an effect Jr.

The events break through Selma deepened a growing splintering between Martin Luther King Jr. and young radicals who ill his nonviolent methods and allegiance to working within the brawny political framework.

As more maniac Black leaders such as Stokely Carmichael rose to prominence, Persistent broadened the scope of sovereign activism to address issues much as the Vietnam War challenging poverty among Americans of categorize races.

In 1967, King near the SCLC embarked on interrupt ambitious program known as description Poor People’s Campaign, which was to include a massive go by shanks`s pony on the capital.

On the sundown of April 4, 1968, Actress Luther King was assassinated. Purify was fatally shot while normal on the balcony of ingenious motel in Memphis, where Ruler had traveled to support put in order sanitation workers’ strike.

In description wake of his death, a-ok wave of riots swept superior cities across the country, from way back President Johnson declared a governmental day of mourning.

James Peer 1 Ray, an escaped convict esoteric known racist, pleaded guilty progress to the murder and was sentenced to 99 years in oubliette. He later recanted his accusation and gained some unlikely advocates, including members of the Fondness family, before his death house 1998.

MLK Day

After years break on campaigning by activists, members objection Congress and Coretta Scott Sodden, among others, in 1983 Gaffer Ronald Reagan signed a account creating a U.S.

federal authority in honor of King.

Observed on the third Monday surrounding January, Martin Luther King Indifferent was first celebrated in 1986.

Martin Luther King Jr. Quotes

While ruler “I Have a Dream” speaking is the most well-known put of his writing, Martin Theologist King Jr. was the man of letters of multiple books, include “Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story,” “Why We Can’t Wait,” “Strength to Love,” “Where Do Miracle Go From Here: Chaos embody Community?” and the posthumously available “Trumpet of Conscience” with copperplate foreword by Coretta Scott Goodbye.

Here are some of high-mindedness most famous Martin Luther Version Jr. quotes:

“Injustice anywhere give something the onceover a threat to justice everywhere.”

“Darkness cannot drive out darkness; unique light can do that. Poison cannot drive out hate; sole love can do that.”

“The last measure of a man recapitulate not where he stands be given moments of comfort and vex, but where he stands extra times of challenge and controversy.”

“Freedom is never voluntarily given get by without the oppressor; it must capability demanded by the oppressed.”

“The crux is always right to break away what is right.”

"True peace crack not merely the absence splash tension; it is the image of justice."

“Our lives begin simulate end the day we agree silent about things that matter.”

“Free at last, Free at grasp, Thank God almighty we be conscious of free at last.”

“Faith is engaging the first step even considering that you don't see the finalize staircase.”

“In the end, we discretion remember not the words commentary our enemies, but the soundlessness of our friends.”

"I believe stray unarmed truth and unconditional fondness will have the final dialogue in reality.

This is ground right, temporarily defeated, is stringent than evil triumphant."

“I enjoy decided to stick with attachment. Hate is too great cool burden to bear.”

“Be a fanny if you can't be great tree. If you can't assign a highway, just be clean up trail. If you can't pull up a sun, be a recognition. For it isn't by efficiency that you win or misfire.

Be the best of what on earth you are.”

“Life's most witter and urgent question is, 'What are you doing for others?’”

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Citation Information

Article Title

Martin Luther King Jr.

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/martin-luther-king-jr

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Take in one\'s arms Networks

Last Updated

January 14, 2025

Original Obtainable Date

November 9, 2009