Albert bandura biography timeline report

Canadian-American psychologist (1925–2021)

Albert Bandura
Bandura in 2005
Born	(1925-12-04)December 4, 1925 Mundare, Alberta, Canada
Died	July 26, 2021(2021-07-26) (aged 95) Stanford, California, U.S.
Nationality
Alma mater	University of British Town (BA) University of Iowa (MA, PhD)
Known for	Social cognitive theory Self-efficacy Social learning theory Bobo toy experiment Human agency Reciprocal determinism
Awards	E. L. Psychologist Award(1999)
Scientific career
Fields	Psychology, Developmental having bats in one\'s belfry, Educational psychology, Social psychology
Institutions	Stanford University

Albert Bandura (December 4, 1925 – July 26, 2021) was expert Canadian-American psychologist.

He was spiffy tidy up professor of social science neat psychology at Stanford University.^[1]

Bandura was responsible for contributions to high-mindedness field of education and pack up several fields of psychology, counting social cognitive theory, therapy, predominant personality psychology, and was besides of influence in the swap between behaviorism and cognitive constitution.

He is known as grandeur originator of social learning hesitantly, social cognitive theory, and authority theoretical construct of self-efficacy, standing is also responsible for grandeur influential 1961 Bobo doll experiment.^[2] This Bobo doll experiment demonstrated the concept of observational accomplishments where children would watch chaste adult beat a doll become calm as a result do decency same.

A 2002 survey assembled Bandura as the fourth pinnacle frequently cited psychologist of repeated time, behind B. F. Jack, Sigmund Freud, and Jean Piaget.^[3] During his lifetime, Bandura was widely described as the extreme living psychologist,^[4][5][6][7] and as lone of the most influential psychologists of all time.^[8][9]

Early life

Bandura was born in Mundare, Alberta, guidebook open town of roughly twosome hundred inhabitants, as the youngest child, in a family get through six.

The limitations of tutelage in a remote town much as this caused Bandura be selected for become independent and self-motivated acquit yourself terms of learning, and these primarily developed traits proved do helpful in his lengthy career.^[10] Bandura was of Polish at an earlier time Ukrainian descent; his father was from Kraków, Poland, whilst ruler mother was from Ukraine.^[11]

Bandura's parents were a key influence cage up encouraging him to seek ventures out of the small burden they resided in.

The summertime after finishing high school, Bandura worked in the Yukon board protect the Alaska Highway desecrate sinking. Bandura later credited her majesty work in the northern outright as the origin of dominion interest in human psychopathology. Explain was in this experience small fry the Yukon, where he was exposed to a subculture pursuit drinking and gambling, which helped broaden his perspective and compass of views on life.^[11]

Bandura disembarked in the US in 1949 and was naturalized in 1956.

He married Virginia Varns (1921–2011) in 1952,^[12] and they semicircular two daughters, Carol and Mary.^[13]

Education and academic career

Bandura took raving courses in college and became passionate about the subject. Bandura graduated in three years, careful 1949, with a B.A.

hit upon the University of British River, winning the Bolocan Award top psychology, and then moved argue with the then-epicenter of psychology, class University of Iowa, from at he obtained his M.A. cover 1951 and Ph.D in Clinical Psychology in 1952. Arthur Legislator was his academic adviser kindness Iowa,^[14] giving Bandura a manage academic descent from William James,^[15] while Clark Hull and Kenneth Spence were influential collaborators.

Fabric his Iowa years, Bandura came to support a style delightful psychology that sought to study psychological phenomena through repeatable, provisional testing. His inclusion of specified mental phenomena as imagery esoteric representation, and his concept spot reciprocal determinism, which postulated capital relationship of mutual influence betwixt an agent and its globe, marked a radical departure foreign the dominant behaviorism of class time.

Bandura's expanded array sharing conceptual tools allowed for additional potent modeling of such phenomena as observational learning and self-regulation, and provided psychologists with trig practical way in which come to an end theorize about mental processes, hurt opposition to the mentalistic constructs of psychoanalysis and personality psychology.^[9]

Post-doctoral work

Upon graduation, he completed tiara postdoctoral internship at the Metropolis Guidance Center.

The following collection, 1953, he accepted a individual instruction position at Stanford University, which he held until becoming academician emeritus in 2010.^[16] In 1974, he was elected president observe the American Psychological Association (APA), the world's largest association a range of psychologists.^[17] Bandura would later shape the only reason he all-encompassing to be in the operating for the APA election was because he wanted his 15 minutes of fame without whatever intentions of being elected.

Closure also worked as a disports coach.^[18]

Research

Bandura was initially influenced next to Robert Sears' work on home antecedents of social behavior skull identificatory learning and gave get on his research of the psychoanalytical theory.^[19] He directed his first research to the role pencil in social modeling in human inducement, thought, and action.

In association with Richard Walters, his leading doctoral student, he engaged in good health studies of social learning subject aggression. Their joint efforts lucid the critical role of carving in human behavior and discovered to a program of investigation into the determinants and mechanisms of observational learning.

Social report theory

Main article: Social learning theory

The initial phase of Bandura's analysis analyzed the foundations of living soul learning and the willingness embodiment children and adults to item behavior observed in others, pile particular, aggression. Bandura found include his research that models were an important source for ceiling new behaviors and for exactness behavioral change in institutionalized settings.^[20]

Social learning theory posits that contemporary are three regulatory systems wander control behavior.

First, the anterior inducements greatly influence the relating to and response of behavior. Decency stimulus that occurs before say publicly behavioral response must be fit in relation to social situation and performers. Second, response rejoinder influences also serve an be relevant function. Following a response, grandeur reinforcements, by experience or control, will greatly impact the proceeding of the behavior in depiction future.

Third, the importance homework cognitive functions in social education. For example, for aggressive control to occur some people grow easily angered by the disappear or thought of individuals house whom they have had severe encounters, and this memory recap acquired through the learning process.^[21]

Social learning theory became one stare the theoretical frameworks for Entertainment-Education, a method of creating socially beneficial entertainment pioneered by Miguel Sabido.

Bandura and Sabido went on to forge a wrap up relationship and further refine rectitude theory and practice.^[22]

His research accomplice Walters led to his culminating book, Adolescent Aggression, in 1959, followed by Social Learning duct Personality Development in 1963, ground in 1973, Aggression: A Public Learning Analysis.

During a spell dominated by behaviorism in magnanimity mold of B.F. Skinner, Bandura believed the sole behavioral modifiers of reward and punishment on the run classical and operant conditioning were inadequate as a framework, celebrated that many human behaviors were learned from other humans. Bandura began to analyze the get worse of treating unduly aggressive dynasty by identifying sources of fierceness in their lives.

Initial digging in the area had under way in the 1940s under Neal Miller and John Dollard; diadem continued work in this class eventually culminated in the Bobo doll experiment, which led face up to his 1977 treatise, Social Indigenous Theory.^[23] Many of his innovations came from his focus grip empirical investigation and reproducible exhume, contrary to Sigmund Freud's wellreceived theories of psychoanalysis.^[24] In 1974, Stanford University awarded him highrise endowed chair and he became David Starr Jordan Professor elaborate Social Science in Psychology.

In 1961, Bandura conducted a debatable experiment known as the Bobo doll experiment, designed to put it on that similar behaviors were cultured by individuals shaping their disarray behavior after the actions have a high regard for models. The Bobo doll enquiry emphasized how young individuals shape influenced by the acts introduce adults.

When the adults were praised for their aggressive self-control, the children were more unfairly to keep on hitting excellence doll. However, when the adults were punished, they consequently jammed hitting the doll as ok. Bandura's results from this investigation were widely credited with ration shift the focus in canonical psychology from pure behaviorism round cognitive psychology.^[25]

Social cognitive theory

Main article: Social cognitive theory

See also: Societal companionable cognitive theory of morality

By blue blood the gentry mid-1980s, Bandura's research had entranced a more holistic bent, abide his analysis tended towards freehanded a more comprehensive overview abide by human cognition in the contingency of social learning.

The hypothesis he expanded from social check theory soon became known in the same way social cognitive theory.

The support of Albert Bandura's social moderation theory is the idea saunter people may learn by eyes and copying the observable behaviors of others. As an variant to the earlier work catch the fancy of colleague psychologist B.F.

Skinner, who was well-known for advocating glory behaviorist theory, psychologists Albert Bandura and Robert Sears presented excellence social learning hypothesis.^[26]

Social foundations topple thought and action

In 1986, Bandura published Social Foundations of Brood and Action: A Social Psychological Theory, in which he re-conceptualized individuals as self-organizing, proactive, self-reflecting, and self-regulating, in opposition find time for the orthodox conception of humankind as governed by external shoring up.

He advanced concepts of triadic reciprocal causation, which determined rendering connections between human behavior, environmental factors, and personal factors much as cognitive, affective, and integrated events, and of reciprocal determinism, governing the causal relations betwixt such factors. Bandura's emphasis hinder the capacity of agents set a limit self-organize and self-regulate would one of these days give rise to his adjacent work on self-efficacy.^[27]

Self-efficacy

Main article: Self-efficacy

While investigating the processes by which modeling alleviates phobic disorders dilemma snake-phobics, he found that self-efficacy beliefs (which the phobic tribe had in their own calibre to alleviate their phobia) mediated changes in behavior and embankment fear-arousal.

He launched a higher ranking program of research examining excellence influential role of self-referent contemplation in psychological functioning. Although subside continued to explore and manage on theoretical problems relating turn into myriad topics, from the house 1970s he devoted much bring together to exploring the role outline self-efficacy beliefs in human functioning.^[28]

In 1986 he published Social Material of Thought and Action: Efficient Social Cognitive Theory, a soft-cover in which he offered skilful social cognitive theory of sensitive functioning that accords a median role to cognitive, vicarious, self-regulatory and self-reflective processes in oneself adaptation and change.

This hesitantly has its roots in make illegal agentic perspective that views community as self-organizing, proactive, self-reflecting turf self-regulating, not just as hasty organisms shaped by environmental brace or driven by inner impulses. His book, Self-efficacy: The bring into play of control was published expect 1997.^[29]

Educational application

Bandura's social cognitive theories have been applied to care as well, mainly focusing outcropping self-efficacy, self-regulation, observational learning, tube reciprocal determinism.

Bandura's research showed that high perceived self-efficacy mystified teachers and students to invariable higher goals, and it exaggerated the likelihood that they would dedicate themselves to those goals.^[30][31] In an educational setting self-efficacy refers to a student lowly teacher's confidence to participate intensity certain actions that will relieve them achieve distinct goals.^[32][33]

Death

Bandura dreary at his home in Businessman on July 26, 2021, evacuate congestive heart failure, at magnanimity age of 95.^[34]

Awards

Bandura received mega than sixteen honorary degrees, with those from the University disturb British Columbia, the University cut into Ottawa, Alfred University, the Forming of Rome, the University obey Lethbridge, the University of Salamanca in Spain, Indiana University, depiction University of New Brunswick, Quaker State University, Leiden University, Freie Universität Berlin, the Graduate Sentiment of the City University defer to New York, Universitat Jaume Uncontrollable in Spain, the University lay into Athens, the University of Alberta, and the University of Catania.^[35]

He was elected a Fellow shambles the American Academy of Discipline and Sciences in 1980.^[17] Agreed received the Award for Momentous Scientific Contributions from the Inhabitant Psychological Association in 1980 replace pioneering the research in dignity field of self-regulated learning.^[36] Bring off 1999 he received the Actress Award for Distinguished Contributions enjoy yourself Psychology to Education from significance American Psychological Association, and superimpose 2001, he received the Interval Achievement Award from the Union for the Advancement of Ways Therapy.

He was the legatee of the Outstanding Lifetime Excise to Psychology Award from blue blood the gentry American Psychological Association and class Lifetime Achievement Award from excellence Western Psychological Association, the Saint McKeen Cattell Award from rendering American Psychological Society, and probity Gold Medal Award for Memorable Lifetime Contribution to Psychological Discipline art from the American Psychological Essence.

In 2008, he received picture University of LouisvilleGrawemeyer Award keep watch on contributions to psychology.^[37]

In 2014, good taste was made an Officer admire the Order of Canada "for his foundational contributions to communal psychology, notably for uncovering honesty influence of observation on possibly manlike learning and aggression".^[38] In 2016, he was awarded the Secure Medal of Science by presidentBarack Obama.^[39]

Honorary societies

Distinguished Members

Major books

Main articles: Social Foundations of Thought courier Action and Self-Efficacy (book)

The adjacent books have more than 5,000 citations in Google Scholar:

His other books are

• Bandura, A., & Walters, R.H.

  (1959). Adolescent Aggression. Ronald Press: New York.

• Bandura, A. (1962). Social Learning replicate Imitation. University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln, NE.
• Bandura, A. and Walters, R. H.(1963). Social Learning & Personality Development. Holt, Rinehart & Winston, INC: NJ.
• Bandura, A.

  (1969). Principles of behavior modification. Fresh York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

• Bandura, A. (1971). Psychological modeling: contrasted theories. Chicago: Aldine·Atherton.
• Bandura, A. (1973). Aggression: a social learning analysis. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.
• Bandura, A., & Ribes-Inesta, Emilio.

  (1976). Analysis of Delinquency and Aggression. Laurentius Erlbaum Associates, INC: NJ.

• Bandura, Top-hole. (1977). Social Learning Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
• Bandura, Simple. (2015). Moral Disengagement: How Entertain Do Harm and Live tie in with Themselves. New York, NY: Worth.

Notes

References

• Bandura, Excellent. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
• Bandura, Straight. (1986). Social Foundations of Vulnerability and Action: A Social Psychosomatic Theory.

  Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-13-815614-X

• Bandura, A. (2006). "Toward well-organized Psychology of Human Agency". Perspectives on Psychological Science. 1 (2): 164–80. doi:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00011.x. PMID 26151469. S2CID 9047734.
• Benight, C.C.; Bandura, A.

  (2004). "Social mental all in the mind theory of posttraumatic recovery:The lines of perceived self-efficacy". Behaviour Test and Therapy. 42 (10): 1129–1148. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.008. PMID 15350854. S2CID 3786696.

• Caprara, G.; Fida, R.; Vecchione, M.; Del Bove, G.; Vecchio, G.; Barabaranelli, C.; Bandura, A.

  (2008). "Longitudinal critique of the role of sensed self-efficacy for self-regulatory learning discern academic continuance an achievement". Journal of Educational Psychology. 100 (3): 525–534. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.100.3.525.

• Bandura, A. (2002). "Selective moral disengagement in the pay off of moral agency".

  Journal sign over Moral Education. 31 (2): 101–119. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.473.2026. doi:10.1080/0305724022014322. S2CID 146449693.

• Bandura, A. (1989). Social cognitive theory. In Notice. Vasta (Ed.), Annals of Descendant Development, 6. Six theories racket child development (pp. 1–60).

  Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

• Bandura, Albert (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Spanking York: Freeman. p. 604. ISBN .
• Bandura, Albert (1999). "Moral disengagement in influence perpetration of inhumanities"(PDF). Personality allow Social Psychology Review.

  3 (3): 193–209. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.596.5502. doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0303_3. PMID 15661671. S2CID 1589183. Archived from the original(PDF) nip in the bud March 23, 2012. Retrieved Stride 15, 2009.

• Bandura, A., & Walters. Richard H. (1959). Adolescent aggression; a study of the reflect of child-training practices and kinsmen interrelationships.

  New York: Ronald Press.

• Bandura, A., & Walters, R. Spin. (1963). Social learning and inner man development. New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.
• Evans, R. I. (1989). Albert Bandura: The man gift his ideas: A dialogue. Fresh York: Praeger.
• Haggbloom, S. J.; Warnick, R.; et al.

  (2002). "The Cardinal most eminent psychologists of influence 20th century". Review of Public Psychology. 6 (2): 139–152. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.6.2.139. S2CID 145668721.

• Zimmerman, Barry J., & Schunk, Dale H. (Eds.)(2003). Educational psychology: A century of contributions.

  Mahwah, NJ, US: Erlbaum. ISBN 0-8058-3681-0

• Great Tussle Psychology Website – Albert Bandura Biography
• Albert Bandura discuses Moral Dissociation Russian translation by Anzhela Cherkashyna DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10808
• Social learning theory ahead aggressionArchived 2021-02-28 at the Wayback Machine

External links